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Updates: 

According to ISO 3166-1 Newsletter number V-9, dated 2004-02-13, Åland Islands has been assigned a separate country code. Therefore, I will now treat Åland as a separate country and not part of Finland. However, it's still administered by Finland, and has a structure of municipalities and sub-regions that is part of Finland's. The ISO 3166-2 code, FI-AL, and the GEC code FI01, representing Åland as a province of Finland, have not been revoked. The GENC standard treats Åland as part of Finland.

Swedish is the official language of Åland. The Finnish name for the territory is Ahvenanmaa, and its capital, Mariehamn, is Maarianhamina in Finnish. The population is 25,706 (1999-12-31 estimate), and the area, 1,527 km.².

Country overview: 

Short name	ÅLAND
ISO code	AX
GEC code	FI01
Language	Swedish (sv)
Time zone	+2 ~
Capital	Mariehamn

 

Åland was part of Turku ja Pori province of Finland until 1918. It has remained a province ever since then, with a special autonomous status since 1921-10.

Other names of country: 

1. Danish: Ålandsøerne
2. Dutch: Åland
3. English: Åland Islands (variant)
4. Finnish: Ahvenanmaa, Ahvenanmaan maakunta
5. French: Îles fp Åland
6. German: Åland-Inseln fp
7. Icelandic: Álandseyjar
8. Italian: Isole Åland
9. Norwegian: Åland
10. Portuguese: Åland
11. Russian: Аландские острова
12. Spanish: Islas de Åland
13. Swedish: Ålands län
14. Turkish: Åland Adaları

Origin of name: 

Ahvenanmaa: Finnish ahven: perch (the fish) + maa: land. Åland comes from Swedish å: river, land: land.

Primary subdivisions: 

Åland is divided into sixteen municipalities.

Swedish name	HASC	mun	src	Population	Area(km.²)	Area(mi.²)
Brändö	AX.BR	035	213	518	108	42
Eckerö	AX.EC	043	212	921	108	42
Finström	AX.FN	060	212	2,483	123	48
Föglö	AX.FG	062	213	576	135	52
Geta	AX.GT	065	212	456	84	33
Hammarland	AX.HM	076	212	1,440	138	53
Jomala	AX.JM	170	212	3,917	143	55
Kökar	AX.KK	318	213	262	64	25
Kumlinge	AX.KM	295	213	360	99	38
Lemland	AX.LE	417	212	1,783	113	44
Lumparland	AX.LU	438	212	387	36	14
Mariehamn	AX.MH	478	211	11,005	12	5
Saltvik	AX.SV	736	212	1,753	152	59
Sottunga	AX.ST	766	213	115	28	11
Sund	AX.SD	771	212	1,031	108	42
Vårdö	AX.VR	941	213	449	102	39
Total				27,456	1,553	599
Swedish name: Name of municipality in Swedish. As of 1988, these were all rural municipalities except Mariehamn. HASC: Hierarchical administrative subdivision codes. mun: Municipality code (source unknown). src: Code for the sub-region containing the municipality (see below). Population: 2008-12-31 estimates from Statistics Finland.

Postal codes: 

Åland uses five-digit postal codes from the Finnish system, always beginning with '22'. Postal codes for addresses in Åland can be identified by prefixing them with "AX-".

Further subdivisions:

The Finland Interior Ministry assigns Åland a region code of 20. It is divided into three sub-regions. Their Swedish names, with English glosses and sub-region codes, are Ålands landsbygd (countryside, 212), Ålands skärgård (archipelago, 213), and Mariehamns stads (Mariehamn city, 211). Before 2001-01-01 there were only two sub-regions: Föglö (containing the same municipalities as Ålands skärgård) and Mariehamn (the rest of Åland).

Territorial extent: 

Åland includes islands west of the Skiftet, or Kihti (channel), and east of Ålands Hav. The largest is Åland island. Among the easternmost are Kökar and Brändö.

The UN LOCODE page  for Åland lists locations in the country, some of them with their latitudes and longitudes, some with their ISO 3166-2 codes for their subdivisions. This information can be put together to approximate the territorial extent of subdivisions.