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Updates: 

I have added population data from the 2010 census.

ISO 3166-2 Newsletter I-8, published on 2007-04-17, has new ISO commune codes for Liechtenstein. They are shown in the table below. They replace codes from a draft version, ISO/DIS 2166-2, which had not been supported.

Country overview: 

Short name	LIECHTENSTEIN
ISO code	LI
FIPS code	LS
Language	German (de)
Time zone	+1 ~
Capital	Vaduz

 

Liechtenstein is a principality, a feudal remnant that has remained independent to the present. It was a kind of client state of Austria until 1919; in 1924, it joined the Swiss customs union, and has been under the Swiss aegis ever since.

Other names of country: 

1. Danish: Liechtenstein
2. Dutch: Liechtenstein, Vorstendom Liechtenstein (formal)
3. English: Principality of Liechtenstein (formal)
4. Finnish: Liechtenstein
5. French: Liechtenstein m
6. German: Liechtenstein, Fürstentum n Liechtenstein n (formal)
7. Italian: Liechtenstein m
8. Norwegian: Liechtenstein, Fyrstedømmet Liechtenstein (formal)
9. Portuguese: Liechtenstein, Principado m do Liechtenstein m (formal)
10. Icelandic: Lichtenstein
11. Russian: Княжество Лихтенштейн (formal)
12. Spanish: Liechtenstein, Principado m de Liechtenstein (formal)
13. Swedish: Liechtenstein
14. Turkish: Lihtenştayn Prensliği (formal)

Origin of name: 

after the ruling family, which was named for its castle near Vienna, from German lichten: light-colored, Stein: stone

Primary subdivisions: 

Liechtenstein is divided into eleven Gemeinden (sing. Gemeinde: communes).

Commune	HASC	ISO	FIPS	Population	Area(km.²)	Area(mi.²)	County
Balzers	LI.BA	01	LS01	4,528	20	8	V
Eschen	LI.ES	02	LS02	4,215	10	4	S
Gamprin	LI.GA	03	LS03	1,606	6	2	S
Mauren	LI.MA	04	LS04	3,999	7	3	S
Planken	LI.PL	05	LS05	425	5	2	V
Ruggell	LI.RU	06	LS06	2,001	7	3	S
Schaan	LI.SN	07	LS07	5,767	27	10	V
Schellenberg	LI.SB	08	LS08	1,013	4	1	S
Triesen	LI.TN	09	LS09	4,826	26	10	V
Triesenberg	LI.TB	10	LS10	2,562	30	11	V
Vaduz	LI.VA	11	LS11	5,207	17	7	V
11 communes				36,149	159	61
HASC: Hierarchical administrative subdivision codes. ISO: Codes from ISO 3166-2. FIPS: Codes from FIPS PUB 10-4. Population: 2010-12-31 census. County: Old county to which the commune belongs (S=Schellenberg, V=Vaduz). Capital: Capital always has the same name as its commune.

Postal codes: 

Liechtenstein is part of the Swiss system of four-digit postal codes. Postal codes for Liechtensteiner addresses are sometimes identified by prefixing them with "FL-" (for Fürstentum Liechtenstein). I have posted a complete list.

Territorial extent: 

Eschen, Gamprin, Planken, and Schaan meet at a single point.

There are numerous enclaves of communes within other communes.

The UN LOCODE page  for Liechtenstein lists locations in the country, some of them with their latitudes and longitudes, some with their ISO 3166-2 codes for their subdivisions. This information can be put together to approximate the territorial extent of subdivisions.

Origins of names: 

Vaduz: Latin vallis: valley, dulcis: sweet

Change history: 

Historically, Liechtenstein consists of the Reichsherrschaften (roughly, counties) of Schellenberg and Vaduz, also called the Unterland and Oberland (Lower and Upper Land), respectively. (Vaduz is upstream from Schellenberg along the Rhine.) In the 1930s, their status was Verwaltungsbezirke (administrative districts). As they no longer have any administrative function, the significant division now is the commune.

Population history:

Commune	1812	1852	1901	1911	1921	1930	1941	1950	1960	1970	1979	1990	2000	2010
Balzers	698	1,128	1,012	1,155	1,193	1,347	1,411	1,746	2,115	2,704	3,234	3,282	4,247	4,528
Eschen	655	909	749	725	788	927	1,014	1,288	1,571	2,114	2,700	2,665	3,772	4,215
Gamprin	303	369	302	285	308	333	364	390	434	660	764	825	1,210	1,606
Mauren	550	959	843	844	874	1,055	1,109	1,401	1,536	2,055	2,584	2,575	3,335	3,999
Planken	135	157	56	69	70	81	101	110	122	177	272	285	352	425
Ruggell	431	541	449	485	523	564	599	707	783	866	1,102	1,200	1,721	2,001
Schaan	715	1,005	917	1,084	996	1,464	1,831	2,309	3,022	3,890	4,636	4,534	5,574	5,767
Schellenberg	276	316	323	314	341	399	402	410	444	513	590	577	991	1,013
Triesen	612	874	995	1,007	999	1,147	1,185	1,405	1,789	2,637	2,935	3,021	4,424	4,826
Triesenberg	705	949	890	941	937	999	1,071	1,256	1,414	1,813	2,099	2,186	2,636	2,562
Vaduz	717	955	995	1,111	1,005	1,632	2,007	2,735	3,398	3,921	4,892	4,980	5,045	5,207
Total	5,797	8,162	7,531	8,020	8,034	9,948	11,094	13,757	16,628	21,350	25,808	26,130	33,307	36,149

 

Population locally present until 1921; resident population since 1930. 1979 figures are estimates as of 1979-12-01, taken from source [2].

Sources: 

1. [1] Volkszählung 2010: Bevölkerungsstruktur, Band 1 . Amt für Statistik, Vaduz, 2013 (retrieved 2013-08-23).
2. [2] Statistisches Jahrbuch 1980, Fürstentum Liechtenstein.