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Updates: 

The province Tbong Khmum was created at the end of 2013. "Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes, Edition 2" (GENC), a U.S. standard that's supposed to correspond to ISO 3166-2, was issued on 2014-03-31. It gives Tbong Khmum the code KH-25. Its codes for all the other provinces match the ISO codes. ISO issued an update for Cambodia on 2015-11-27, including the new code for Tbong Khmum, and a change of status for three subdivisions from autonomous municipalities to provinces, so that it now matches the table below.

Update 2 to "Geopolitical Entities and Codes" (GEC) was published on 2010-11-30. It is the successor standard to FIPS 10-4. In Cambodia, it introduces modified transliterations of three province names. Update 17, dated 2014-09-30, shows the code CB31 for Tbong Khmum.

ISO 3166-2 Newsletter number I-4, dated 2002-12-10, and Change Notice 6 to FIPS PUB 10-4, published on 2001-01-28, both show the separation of Krong Pailin from Bătdâmbâng.

International standard ISO 3166-2 was published on 1998-12-15. It superseded ISO/DIS 3166-2 (draft international standard), which came out in fall 1996. Change Notice 1 for FIPS PUB 10-4 is dated 1998-12-01. The final ISO standard and the changed FIPS standard both show Cambodia divided into twenty provinces and three municipalities. They reflect changes which took place in about 1995. Between the draft and the final version of ISO 3166-2, all of the province codes were changed from two-letter codes to numbers. The following table shows the current divisions of Cambodia.

Country overview: 

Short name	CAMBODIA
ISO code	KH
FIPS code	CB
Language	Khmer (km)
Time zone	+7
Capital	Phnom Penh

 

At the beginning of the 20th century, most of Cambodia was part of French Indo-China, a French protectorate; the rest of it was in Siam. In 1907, the British and French delimited their respective "spheres of influence" in Siam. The French part, consisting of most of what are now the provinces of Bântéay Méanchey, Bătdâmbâng, Ŏtdâr Méanchey, and Siĕmréab, was quickly annexed to French Indo-China. French Indo-China at that time comprised the territories of Annam, Cambodge (Cambodia), Cochinchine (Cochin-China), Kouang-Tchéou-Wan (Kwangchowan), Laos, and Tongking. Kwangchowan was leased from China. In 1946, France surrendered its lease. On 1949-07-19, French Indo-China was granted independence as three Associate States of the French Union: Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. On 1970-10-09, Cambodia changed its name to the Khmer Republic. On 1979-01-08, it changed once again, to Kampuchea. In the 1980s, each political faction wanted to impose its preferred name, and the rest of the world has quietly gone back to using Cambodia.

Other names of country: 

1. Danish: Cambodja, Cambodia
2. Dutch: Cambodja, Koninkrijk Cambodja (formal)
3. English: State of Cambodia (formal), Kampuchea (obsolete), Khmer Republic (obsolete)
4. Finnish: Kambodža
5. French: Cambodge m
6. German: Kambodscha n
7. Icelandic: Kambódía, Kampútsea (obsolete)
8. Italian: Cambogia f
9. Khmer: Roat Kampuchea (formal)
10. Norwegian: Kambodsja, Kongeriket Kambodsja (formal)
11. Portuguese: Camboja, Cambodia, Cambodja, Reino m do Camboja m (formal)
12. Russian: Кампучия (obsolete), Королевство Камбоджа (formal)
13. Spanish: Camboya, Estado m de Cambodia (formal), Kampuchea f (obsolete)
14. Swedish: Kambodja
15. Turkish: Kamboçya Krallığı (formal)

Origin of name: 

Named for Kambu, legendary patriarch

Primary subdivisions: 

Cambodia is divided into twenty-four khêt (provinces) and one krong (autonomous municipality).

Province	HASC	ISO	FIPS	Pop-2008	Pop-1998	Area(km.²)	Area(mi.²)	Capital
Bântéay Méanchey	KH.OM	1	CB25	677,872	577,772	6,679	2,579	Sisophon
Bătdâmbâng	KH.BA	2	CB29	1,025,174	793,129	11,702	4,518	Batdâmbâng
Kâmpóng Cham	KH.KC	3	CB02	1,679,992	1,608,914	9,799	3,783	Kâmpóng Cham
Kâmpóng Chhnăng	KH.KG	4	CB03	472,341	417,693	5,521	2,132	Kâmpóng Chhnang
Kâmpóng Spœ	KH.KS	5	CB04	716,944	598,882	7,017	2,709	Kâmpóng Spoe
Kâmpóng Thum	KH.KT	6	CB05	631,409	569,060	13,814	5,334	Kâmpóng Thum
Kâmpôt	KH.KP	7	CB21	585,850	528,405	4,873	1,881	Kâmpôt
Kândal	KH.KN	8	CB07	1,265,280	1,075,125	3,568	1,378	Ta Khmau
Kaôh Kŏng	KH.KK	9	CB08	117,481	132,106	11,160	4,309	Krong Kaôh Kong
Krâchéh	KH.KH	10	CB09	319,217	263,175	10,094	3,897	Krâchéh
Krong Keb	KH.KB	23	CB26	35,753	28,660	336	130	Krong Keb
Krong Pailin	KH.PL	24	CB30	70,486	22,906	803	310	Krong Pailin
Krŏng Preăh Sihanouk	KH.KA	18	CB28	221,396	155,690	868	335	Kâmpóng Saôm
Môndól Kiri	KH.MK	11	CB10	61,107	32,407	14,288	5,517	Senmonorom
Ŏtdâr Méanchey	KH.OC	22	CB27	185,819	68,279	6,158	2,378	Samraong
Phnom Penh	KH.PP	12	CB22	1,327,615	999,804	290	112	Phnom Penh
Poŭthĭsăt	KH.PO	15	CB12	397,161	360,445	12,692	4,900	Pouthisat
Preăh Vihéar	KH.PH	13	CB13	171,139	119,261	13,788	5,324	Phnum Tbêng Méanchey
Prey Vêng	KH.PY	14	CB14	947,372	946,042	4,883	1,885	Prey Vêng
Rôtânôkiri	KH.RO	16	CB23	150,466	94,243	10,782	4,163	Lumphat
Siĕmréab	KH.SI	17	CB24	896,443	696,164	10,299	3,976	Siemréab
Stœ̆ng Trêng	KH.ST	19	CB17	111,671	81,074	11,092	4,283	Stoeng Trêng
Svay Riĕng	KH.SR	20	CB18	482,788	478,252	2,966	1,145	Svay Rieng
Takêv	KH.TA	21	CB19	844,906	790,168	3,563	1,376	Takêv
Tbong Khmum	KH.TB	25	CB31					Tbong Khmum
25 divisions				13,395,682	11,437,656	177,035	68,354
Province: Except for Phnom Penh, which is a municipality. HASC: Hierarchical administrative subdivision codes. Originally based on the province codes in draft standard ISO/DIS 3166-2. ISO: Province codes from ISO 3166-2. For full identification in a global context, prefix "KH-" to the code (ex: KH-7 represents Kampot). FIPS: Codes from FIPS PUB 10-4, a U.S. government standard. Pop-2008: 2008-03-03 census (source [3]). Pop-1998: 1998-03-03 census (source [3]). Area: Source [1].

Further subdivisions:

See the Districts of Cambodia page.

The secondary subdivisions of Cambodia are 185 districts, which are further subdivided into communes.

Territorial extent: 

Thmei Island, Tônsay Island, and Set Island (Sês) are in Kâmpôt province, Cambodia. Facing them across the border from the Vietnamese side are Phu Quoc Island and the Hai Tac Islands. Farther out in the Gulf of Thailand, the islands of Poulo Wai (Ko Way), Kaoh Prins (Prins Island), and Kaoh Tang (Tang Island) belong to Cambodia.

The UN LOCODE page  for Cambodia lists locations in the country, some of them with their latitudes and longitudes, some with their ISO 3166-2 codes for their subdivisions. This information can be put together to approximate the territorial extent of subdivisions.

Origins of names: 

1. Bătdâmbâng: Khmer bat: lost, dambang: staff or scepter, place where a staff was lost
2. Kâmpóng Chhnăng: Malay kamban: port, Khmer chhnang: pots
3. Kâmpóng Saôm: Malay kamban: port, Sanskrit saumya: pleasant
4. Phnom Penh: Khmer phnom: mountain, penh: full (i.e. mountain of abundance)

Change history: 

1. 1904: Stœ̆ng Trêng province transferred from Laos to Cambodge.
2. 1949: At independence, Cambodia had fourteen provinces: Battambang, Kompong Cham, Kompong Chhnang, Kompong Speu, Kompong Thom, Kampot, Kandal, Kratie, Pursat, Prey Veng, Siem Reap, Stung Treng, Svay Rieng, and Takeo.
3. 1960: Mondol Kiri province split from Kratie.
4. ~1962: Ratanak Kiri and Koh Kong provinces and Phnom Penh autonomous municipality split from neighboring provinces.

Division	Typ	Population	Area(km.²)	Capital
Battambang	p	552,588	18,550	Battambang
Bokor	m	423	1
Kampot	p	339,917	5,779	Kampot
Kandal	p	709,312	3,700	Phnom Penh
Kep	m	7,545	45
Koh Kong	p	38,688	10,818	Khemarakphouminville
Kompong Cham	p	819,764	9,491	Kompong Cham
Kompong Chhnang	p	272,796	5,350	Kompong Chhnang
Kompong Speu	p	307,998	6,800	Kompong Speu
Kompong Thom	p	320,849	26,750	Kompong Thom
Kratie	p	126,179	10,752	Kratie
Mondol Kiri	p	14,325	13,848	Mondol Kiri
Phnom Penh	m	403,500	46
Prey Veng	p	486,608	4,732	Prey Veng
Pursat	p	182,181	12,300	Pursat
Ratanak Kiri	p	48,359	10,450	Lomphal
Siem Reap	p	310,305	15,950	Siem Reap
Sihanoukville	m	6,578	68
Soai Rieng	p	287,831	2,874	Soai Rieng
Stung Treng	p	34,471	10,750	Stung Treng
Takeo	p	467,635	3,450	Takeo
Total		5,737,853	172,344
Typ: m = independent municipality, p = province. Population: 1962-04-17 census (source [4]). Area: Source [4].

1. ~1964: Capital of Kândal moved from Phnom Penh to Ta Khmau.
2. 1976: Khmer Rouge abolished provinces and created seven zones (Northern, Northeastern, Northwestern, Central, Eastern, Western, and Southwestern) and two special regions (Kracheh Special Region Number 505 and Siemreab Special Region Number 106). The zones were divided into numbered damban (regions).
3. 1977: Siemreab Special Region Number 106 abolished.
4. 1979: Zones abolished and provinces reinstated when the Khmer Rouge fell to the Kampuchean National United Front.
5. ~1980: Preăh Vihéar province split from Stœ̆ng Trêng.
6. ~1983: Kâmpóng Saôm autonomous municipality (formerly Sihanoukville) split from Kâmpôt province.
7. 1988: Bântéay Méanchey formed from part of Bătdâmbâng and small parts of Poŭthĭsăt and Siĕmréab-Ŏtdâr Méanchey provinces. At that point, the divisions of Cambodia were as shown in this table.

Province	ISO	FIPS	Population	Area(km.²)	Area(mi.²)	Capital
Bântéay Méanchey	OM					Sisŏphŏn
Bătdâmbâng	BA	CB01	671,000	19,184	7,407	Bătdâmbâng
Kâmpóng Cham	KM	CB02	999,000	9,799	3,783	Kâmpóng Cham
Kâmpóng Chhnăng	KG	CB03	333,000	5,521	2,132	Kâmpóng Chhnăng
Kâmpóng Saôm	KS		8,000	68	26	Kâmpóng Saôm
Kâmpóng Spœ	KS	CB04	374,000	7,017	2,709	Kâmpóng Spœ
Kâmpóng Thum	KT	CB05	390,000	27,602	10,657	Kâmpóng Thum
Kâmpôt	KP	CB06	414,000	5,962	2,302	Kâmpôt
Kândal	KN	CB07	859,000	3,812	1,472	Ta Khmau
Kaôh Kŏng	KK	CB08	48,000	11,161	4,309	Krŏng Kaôh Kŏng
Krâchéh	KK	CB09	154,000	11,094	4,283	Krâchéh
Môndól Kiri	MK	CB10	18,000	14,288	5,516	Senmonorom
Phnom Penh	PP	CB11	479,000	46	18	Phnom Penh
Poŭthĭsăt	PO	CB12	219,000	12,692	4,900	Poŭthĭsăt
Preăh Vihéar	PH	CB13				Phnum Tbêng Méanchey
Prey Vêng	PY	CB14	592,000	4,883	1,885	Prey Vêng
Rôtânôkiri	RO	CB15	60,000	10,782	4,163	Lumphăt
Siĕmréab-Ŏtdâr Méanchey	SI	CB16	380,000	16,457	6,354	Siĕmréab
Stœ̆ng Trêng	ST	CB17	42,000	11,092	4,283	Stœ̆ng Trêng
Svay Riĕng	SR	CB18	352,000	2,966	1,145	Svay Riĕng
Takêv	TA	CB19	566,000	3,563	1,376	Takêv
21 divisions			6,968,000	181,035	69,898
Province: except for Kâmpóng Saôm and Phnom Penh, which are autonomous municipalities. ISO: Codes from ISO/DIS 3166-2. (Note: some codes were inadvertently used twice.) FIPS: Codes from FIPS PUB 10-4. Population: 1971 estimate

1. ~1995: If recent changes to the FIPS PUB 10-4 list are accurate, the following changes can be inferred. Status of autonomous municipalities changed to krong (municipalities). Siĕmréab-Ŏtdâr Méanchey split into Siĕmréab and Ŏtdâr Méanchey (capital Samraong); Krŏng Kêb (Kâmpôt province) became a municipality. Name of Kâmpóng Saôm changed to Krŏng Preăh Sihanouk.
2. Some sources from the early 1980s showed Bokor (Bok Koŭ) and Krŏng Kêb as autonomous municipalities. If they were not separate, they would have been in Kâmpôt province.
3. ~1997: Krong Pailin municipality split from Bătdâmbâng province (former FIPS code CB20).
4. 2008-12-22: By decree of King Norodom Sihamoni, status of Krong Keb, Krong Pailin, and Krŏng Preăh Sihanouk changed from municipalities to provinces (source [6]). There were also boundary adjustments between Bătdâmbâng and Poŭthĭsăt, and between Krŏng Preăh Sihanouk and Kaôh Kŏng, for which details are not available.
5. 2013-12-31: Tbong Khmum province formed by taking Dambae, Krouch Chhmar, Memot, Ou Reang Ov, Ponhea Kraek, and Tbong Khmum districts and Suong city from Kâmpóng Cham province (former HASC code KH.KM). These are the districts to the east of the Mekong River.

Other names of subdivisions: 

1. Bântéay Méanchey: Banteay Mean Cheay, Banteay Mean Choay (variant)
2. Bătdâmbâng: Baat Dambang, Băt Dâm Bâng, Battambang (variant)
3. Kâmpóng Cham: Kampong Chaam, Kompong Cham (variant)
4. Kâmpóng Chhnăng: Kompong Chnang (variant)
5. Kâmpóng Saôm: Kompong Som (variant)
6. Kâmpóng Spœ: Kampong Speu, Kompong Speu, Kompong Spueu (variant)
7. Kâmpóng Thum: Kompong Thom (variant)
8. Kândal: Kandaal (variant)
9. Kaôh Kŏng: Koh Kong (variant)
10. Krâchéh: Kratié (French); Kratiê, Krâ Chéh, Krachen (variant)
11. Krong Keb: Keb, Kep, Krong Kaeb (variant)
12. Krong Pailin: Pailin (variant)
13. Krŏng Preăh Sihanouk: Kâmpóng Saôm, Kompong Som (obsolete); Krŏng Preăh Seihânŭ, Preah Seihanu, Sihanoukville (variant)
14. Môndól Kiri: Mondolkiri, Môndŭl Kiri (variant)
15. Ŏtdâr Méanchey: Oddâr Méanchey, Otdar Mean Chey, Otdar Mean Choay (variant)
16. Phnom Penh: Phnum Pénh (variant)
17. Poŭthĭsăt: Pousaat, Pousat, Pursat (variant)
18. Prey Vêng: Prey Veaeng (variant)
19. Rôtânôkiri: Râtanăkiri, Ratanak Kiri, Rotanah Kiri, Rotanak Kiri (variant)
20. Siĕmréab: Siem Reab, Siem Reap, Siĕm Réab, Siemreap (variant)
21. Stœ̆ng Trêng: Stueng Traeng, Stung Treng (variant)
22. Svay Rieng: Soairieng (obsolete-variant); Svaay Rieng (variant)
23. Takêv: Taakaev, Takaev, Takeo (variant)
24. Tbong Khmum: Tboung Khmom (variant)
25. Some sources show the name of the capital of Kaôh Kŏng as Krong Khemarak Phoumin, or Khemarak Phouminville.
26. Andaung Pich, also known as åndong Péch or Ba Kev, may have been the capital of Rôtânôkiri at some time.

Sources: 

1. [1] Cambodia e-Gov  website (retrieved 2008-12-31).
2. [2] Library of Congress country study  (retrieved 1999).
3. [3] "Annex 1" to a 2008 Cambodian census report, comparing 1998 populations to 2008. Provenance unknown (retrieved by Jose Gavinha 2012-09-08).
4. [4] The Encyclopædia Britannica World Atlas, 1964 edition.
5. [5] "Government Creates New CPP-Majority Province ," by Phorn Bopha and Alex Willemyns. Cambodia Daily (dated 2014-01-10, retrieved 2014-01-14).
6. [6] "Decree creates three new provinces ," by Vong Sokheng. The Phnom Penh Post (dated 2008-12-31, retrieved 2014-01-31). Quoted on a blog called Khmerization  (dated 2009-01-01, retrieved 2014-01-31).